Breastfeeding vs. formula feeding: What to consider

By Cody Hanson

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months after birth — and then breastfeeding in combination with solid foods until at least age 1. Extended breastfeeding is recommended as long as you and your baby wish to continue.

But, while breastfeeding is a great choice for your baby, it’s not the only option available. Both breastmilk and formula have their benefits for your little one, as well as limitations and drawbacks. With so many factors to consider, it can seem overwhelming — we’ve outlined the main points to help eliminate the stress that comes along with feedings.

Breast milk

Breast milk is a powerhouse of nutrients for your baby and can aid in developing and strengthening your baby’s immune system. Breast milk may not provide enough vitamin D, which helps your baby absorb calcium and phosphorus — nutrients necessary for strong bones. So, if your baby is struggling to get enough vitamin D, your doctor may recommend vitamin D supplements.

If you prefer to bottle-feed, you can exclusively bottle-feed your baby breast milk. If you’re exclusively pumping, pump as often as you would feed your baby from the breast. Using a double electric breast pump can help you collect more milk in less time. Most insurance providers cover breast pumps, but make sure to inquire with your insurance before your baby arrives.

Formula

Commercially prepared infant formulas are a nutritious alternative to breast milk, and contain some vitamins and nutrients that breastfed babies may need to get from supplements. Manufactured under sterile conditions, commercial formulas attempt to duplicate mother’s milk using a complex combination of proteins, sugars, fats and vitamins. Commercial infant formulas don’t contain the immunity-boosting elements of breast milk that only your body can provide to your baby. For most babies, breast milk is also easier to digest than formula. When prepared as directed, however, infant formula supports healthy babies who have typical dietary needs.

If you don’t breastfeed your baby, it’s important to use only commercially prepared formula and not try to make your own. Luckily, there are a lot of different types and brands of formula to choose from. Cow milk, protein-based formula is the most common type, though there are also soy-based formulas and other specialty formulas available for babies who have difficulties tolerating cow’s milk.

Formula is also available in three different forms: ready-to-use, powdered and liquid concentrated.

Ready-to-use formula doesn’t need to be mixed with water, which makes it convenient for use on the go, but it is also the most expensive type and must be used within a short time of opening. Liquid-concentrated formula is typically priced somewhere between ready-to-use and powdered formula. Similar to powdered formula, it needs to be mixed with water before serving. Powdered formula is the least expensive type and quite simple to prepare. If you’re considering formula feeding, research your options to find a type and brand that work best for you and your baby.

Can I combine breastfeeding and formula feeding?

If you are breastfeeding, supplementing with formula can disrupt breastfeeding as well as affect your milk supply. However, some mothers can combine breastfeeding and formula feeding — especially after breastfeeding has been well established. It doesn’t have to be all or nothing; many moms successfully do both.

Now, let’s talk about you!

Taking care of yourself can go a long way toward promoting successful breastfeeding. To boost your confidence, learn as much as you can about breastfeeding before your baby arrives — there are plenty of great online resources, books and videos to help guide you through the process. Breastfeeding classes are offered through MultiCare hospitals at no charge, so you can be prepared and informed before your little one arrives.

Friends and family who have successfully breastfed may also be a good source of information, though remember everyone’s journey is different. While breastfeeding, put a priority on eating a healthy diet, drinking plenty of fluids and resting as much as possible (we know, it’s not as easy as it sounds). Maintaining a calm, relaxed environment during feedings can aid both you and your baby in a successful, enjoyable experience.

One of the most important things to remember is that it’s OK to ask for help; there are so many resources available to nursing moms.

What if breastfeeding isn’t going well?

If you’re having trouble making enough milk or if you can’t give your baby your breast milk for a medical reason, you can turn to a human milk bank, which can provide your baby pasteurized donor milk you can feed them from a bottle. The Human Milk Banking Association of North America can help you find an accredited milk bank.

Many MultiCare hospitals offer outpatient lactation services if you are struggling with breastfeeding after discharge. Ask a lactation consultant or your baby’s doctor for help if you’re worried about your milk supply, baby’s eating, or any other concerns you may have related to feedings. If your baby’s doctor is concerned that your baby isn’t receiving adequate nutrition or hydration, they might suggest pumping and supplementing with expressed breast milk or formula.

However you choose to feed your baby, you’re not alone in the process. Lean on your partner, your family and friends, your doctor, and other resources for support, assistance and reassurance.